{"id":35942,"date":"2017-05-15T15:20:48","date_gmt":"2017-05-15T15:20:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitas.local\/diseases\/boala-arteriala-coronariana\/"},"modified":"2017-05-15T15:20:48","modified_gmt":"2017-05-15T15:20:48","slug":"boala-arteriala-coronariana","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/ro\/diseases\/boala-arteriala-coronariana\/","title":{"rendered":"Boal\u0103 arterial\u0103 coronarian\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Boala arterial\u0103 coronarian\u0103 se dezvolt\u0103 ca urmare a deterior\u0103rii arterelor coronare, a vaselor de s&acirc;nge majore care alimenteaz\u0103 inima cu s&acirc;nge, oxigen \u0219i nutrien\u021bi. Cele mai frecvente cauze ale bolii coronariene sunt depunerile de colesterol (placa) din artere \u0219i inflama\u021biile.<\/p>\n<p>O acumulare de plac\u0103 &icirc;ngusteaz\u0103 arterele coronare \u0219i scade fluxul sanguin c\u0103tre inim\u0103. De-a lungul timpului, aceasta poate provoc\u0103 dureri &icirc;n piept (angina), dificult\u0103\u021bi de respira\u021bie sau alte simptome. Blocarea complet\u0103 a arterelor coronare poate provoca un atac de cord.<\/p>\n<p>Boala arterial\u0103 coronarian\u0103 se dezvolt\u0103 de obicei &icirc;n decenii \u0219i poate trece neobservat\u0103 p&acirc;n\u0103 c&acirc;nd provoac\u0103 un atac de cord.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Simptome<\/h2>\n<p>Simptomele bolii coronariene pot include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Dureri toracice (angina): presiune sau str&acirc;ngere &icirc;n piept \u0219i durere care este declan\u0219at\u0103 de stresul fizic s\u0103u emo\u021bional. La femei, durerea poate fi trec\u0103toare sau ascu\u021bit\u0103 \u0219i situat\u0103 &icirc;n abdomen, spate sau bra\u021b.<\/li>\n<li>Insuficien\u021b\u0103 respiratorie: dificultatea de respira\u021bie sau oboseala excesiv\u0103 la efort poate fi rezultatul insuficien\u021bei s&acirc;ngelui pompat de inim\u0103.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<li>Atac de inim\u0103: Afectarea inimii poate fi rezultatul unei arte coronare complet blocate, cu simptome de presiune &icirc;n piept \u0219i durere &icirc;n um\u0103r sau bra\u021b, &icirc;nso\u021bit\u0103 de transpira\u021bie \u0219i dificult\u0103\u021bi de respira\u021bie.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Cauze<\/h2>\n<p>Boala arterei coronare este cauzat\u0103 de deteriorarea sau r\u0103nirea stratului interior al unei artere coronare. Daunele pot fi cauzate de urm\u0103torii factori:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Fumat<\/li>\n<li>Tensiune arterial\u0103 crescut\u0103<\/li>\n<li>Colesterol ridicat<\/li>\n<li>Diabetul sau rezisten\u021ba la insulin\u0103<\/li>\n<li>Stil de via\u0163a sedentar&nbsp;<\/li>\n<li>Radioterapia la piept<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Factori de risc<\/h2>\n<p>Factorii care cresc riscul bolilor coronariene includ:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Cre\u0219terea v&acirc;rstei<\/li>\n<li>Fiind b\u0103rbat<\/li>\n<li>Istorie de familie<\/li>\n<li>Diabet<\/li>\n<li>Obezitatea<\/li>\n<li>Inactivitate fizic\u0103<\/li>\n<li>Fumatul (nicotina constricteaz\u0103 vasele de s&acirc;nge \u0219i monoxidul de carbon poate deteriora c\u0103ptu\u0219eala interioar\u0103, f\u0103c&acirc;ndu-le sensibile la ateroscleroz\u0103)<\/li>\n<li>Tensiunea arterial\u0103 ridicat\u0103 (tensiunea arterial\u0103 ridicat\u0103 necontrolat\u0103 d\u0103 greutate \u0219i &icirc;ngro\u0219\u0103 arterele \u0219i &icirc;ngust\u0103 canalul de flux sanguin)<\/li>\n<li>Niveluri ridicate ale colesterolului din s&acirc;nge (cre\u0219te riscul pl\u0103cilor \u0219i aterosclerozei)&nbsp;<\/li>\n<li>Stresul ridicat (stresul neevitat poate deteriora arterele \u0219i poate agrava \u0219i al\u021bi factori de risc)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Factorii de risc apar adesea &icirc;n clustere \u0219i se pot baza pe unul pe altul. De exemplu, obezitatea poate duce la diabet \u0219i hipertensiune arterial\u0103. Aceast\u0103 combina\u021bie cre\u0219te riscul de boal\u0103 coronarian\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>&Icirc;n unele cazuri, boala coronarian\u0103 se poate dezvolta f\u0103r\u0103 factorii clasici de risc. Factorii alternativi posibili includ:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Apneea de somn: o tulburare care determin\u0103 oprirea &icirc;n mod repetat \u0219i &icirc;ncetarea respira\u021biei &icirc;n timpul somnului, ceea ce cre\u0219te tensiunea arterial\u0103 \u0219i sl\u0103be\u0219te sistemul cardiovascular.<\/li>\n<li>Protein\u0103 C reactiv\u0103: Aceasta este o protein\u0103 normal\u0103 care cre\u0219te &icirc;n cantitate atunci c&acirc;nd exist\u0103 inflama\u0163ie undeva &icirc;n organism. &Icirc;n acest caz, pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce se restabile\u0219te artera coronar\u0103, cre\u0219te proteina C reactiv\u0103 &icirc;n s&acirc;nge.<\/li>\n<li>Trigliceride &icirc;nalte: Un tip de gr\u0103sime din s&acirc;nge, care poate cre\u0219te riscul de boal\u0103 coronarian\u0103 dac\u0103 este prezent &icirc;n cantitate mare.<\/li>\n<li>Homocistein\u0103: Acesta este un aminoacid utilizat pentru a face proteine \u200b\u200b\u0219i pentru a construi \u0219i a men\u021bine \u021besutul. Nivelurile ridicate de homocistein\u0103, cu toate acestea, pot cre\u0219te riscul de boal\u0103 coronarian\u0103.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<li>Lipoproteina (a): Lipoproteina (a) se formeaz\u0103 atunci c&acirc;nd o lipoprotein\u0103 cu densitate mic\u0103 se ata\u0219eaz\u0103 la o protein\u0103 specific\u0103. Acest lucru poate afecta capacitatea organismului de a dizolva cheagurile de s&acirc;nge, ceea ce poate duce la boal\u0103 arterial\u0103 coronarian\u0103 \u0219i atac de cord.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Complica\u0163ii<\/h2>\n<p>Posibilele complica\u021bii ale bolii coronariene includ:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Dureri toracice (angina pectoral\u0103)<\/li>\n<li>Insuficien\u021b\u0103 cardiac\u0103 (blocarea complet\u0103 a arterei inimii)<\/li>\n<li>Insuficien\u021b\u0103 cardiac\u0103 (deprivarea cronic\u0103 a oxigenului \u0219i a nutrien\u021bilor datorit\u0103 sc\u0103derii fluxului sanguin sau a leziunilor datorate unui atac de cord)&nbsp;<\/li>\n<li>Ritm cardiac anormal (aritmie)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Prevenirea<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Renun\u021barea la fumat<\/li>\n<li>Gestionarea condi\u021biile cum ar fi hipertensiunea arterial\u0103, colesterolul ridicat \u0219i diabetul zaharat<\/li>\n<li>Sport regulat<\/li>\n<li>Diet\u0103 s\u0103n\u0103toas\u0103 (regim alimentar cu con\u021binut sc\u0103zut de gr\u0103simi \u0219i cu con\u021binut redus de sare)<\/li>\n<li>Greutate s\u0103n\u0103toas\u0103&nbsp;<\/li>\n<li>Reducerea \u0219i gestionarea stresului.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"template":"","yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.7.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Boal\u0103 arterial\u0103 coronarian\u0103 - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/ro\/diseases\/boala-arteriala-coronariana\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Boal\u0103 arterial\u0103 coronarian\u0103 - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Boala arterial\u0103 coronarian\u0103 se dezvolt\u0103 ca urmare a deterior\u0103rii arterelor coronare, a vaselor de s&acirc;nge majore care alimenteaz\u0103 inima cu s&acirc;nge, oxigen \u0219i nutrien\u021bi. Cele mai frecvente cauze ale bolii coronariene sunt depunerile de colesterol (placa) din artere \u0219i inflama\u021biile. O acumulare de plac\u0103 &icirc;ngusteaz\u0103 arterele coronare \u0219i scade fluxul sanguin c\u0103tre inim\u0103. 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